Treatment Plan For Diabetes Mellitus Discussion Assignment Paper
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by persistently elevated blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin production and the cell’s resistance to insulin action. Diabetes mellitus is classified into type one and type two. Type one is characterized by hyperglycemia due to autoimmune destruction of the islets of Langerhans thus there is no production of insulin. Type two diabetes mellitus is due to insufficient insulin production. The risk factors for diabetes mellitus are advancing age, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, pregnancy, and other severe endocrinopathies (rangel et al., 2019). The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus follows the criteria of clinical symptoms and diagnostic tests. The random blood sugar levels and hemoglobin glucose levels help in the classification of the severity of diabetes. The treatment for diabetes mellitus includes lifestyle modifications and glucose-lowering agents. However, the levels of random blood sugar and hemoglobin glucose determine the medication to initiate. The assignment describes the cultural, legal, and ethical principles to apply to a 45 years old patient with type two diabetes mellitus who does not want to begin insulin. Treatment Plan For Diabetes Mellitus Discussion Assignment Paper
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Cultural, Legal, And Ethical Principles
According to the American diabetes association, diabetic patients with a hgba1c of 9.5% should initiate oral hypoglycemics immediately. Additionally, the care provider should screen for the possible complications of diabetes mellitus such as neuropathy, blurring vision, and renal injury. Despite the patient’s cultural barriers to health-seeking behaviors, the care provider should educate the patient on the consequences of diabetes to the health and quality of life. The care provider in this situation should enroll the patient in adherence counseling and follow-up clinics. However, the care provider should document subjective and objective information about the patient to prevent malpractice allegations. The ethical principles to consider are beneficence and non-maleficence. Beneficence is acting for patients’ good to control their blood sugars and prevent complications (varkey, 2021). Non-maleficence is preventing harm by preventing medication errors. However, these principles are violated by respect for autonomy because the patient has a right to give permission and make an informed decision to make medical treatment, creating an ethical dilemma for the care provider. The other options to initiate to the patient to control and maintain normal blood sugar levels includes physical exercise, weight loss, and healthy feeding habits. Treatment Plan For Diabetes Mellitus Discussion Assignment Paper
Treatment Plan For Diabetes Mellitus
Non-pharmacological treatment includes focusing on a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Limit the intake of processed foods, sugary beverages, and foods high in saturated and trans fats. Maintaining a healthy weight or losing excess weight can improve insulin sensitivity and glycemic control (suryasa, et al., 2021). Engaging in regular physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity, lower blood sugar levels, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. Explore stress management techniques like meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, and engaging in hobbies. Smoking cessation to prevents the complications associated with diabetes, such as heart disease and nerve damage. Regularly monitoring blood sugar levels and keeping track of your numbers can help you understand how your lifestyle choices and treatment plan impact your diabetes management.
The drug of choice for this patient is sitagliptin 50mg once daily because is effective in lowering blood glucose and helps in weight loss (solerte et al., 2020). Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (dpp-4) inhibitors are oral medications that increase the production of insulin and reduce the secretion of glucagon, leading to improved blood sugar control Treatment Plan For Diabetes Mellitus Discussion Assignment Paper
References
Rangel, e. B., rodrigues, c. O., & de sa, j. R. (2019). Micro-and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus: preclinical and clinical studies. Journal of diabetes research, 2019. Https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2161085
Solerte, s. B., d’addio, f., trevisan, r., lovati, e., rossi, a., pastore, i., … & fiorina, p. (2020). Sitagliptin treatment at the time of hospitalization was associated with reduced mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and covid-19: a multicenter, case-control, retrospective, observational study. Diabetes care, 43(12), 2999-3006. Https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1521
Suryasa, i. W., rodríguez-gámez, m., & koldoris, t. (2021). Health and treatment of diabetes mellitus. International journal of health sciences, 5(1). Https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v5n1.2864
Varkey, b. (2021). Principles of clinical ethics and their application to practice. Medical principles and practice, 30(1), 17-28
A 45 year old obese female is newly diagnosed with Type II diabetes. She does not want to begin insulin despite having a HgbA1C of 9.5. Consider the cultural, legal and ethical principles that apply to this case. Detail a treatment plan that considers the multifactorial considerations. Specifically discuss ethical principles.
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